A note on interpreting the Convention and its relationship with the EU Habitats Directive

Does the Bern Convention seek to conserve wildlife populations or to protect individual animals from being killed

The role of cultural requirements within the scheme of the Convention

Condition #1: No satisfactory alternatives

Condition #2: No detrimental effect on the population

Serious damage

Overriding public interest

Public safety

Judicious use

Ending suffering

Guidance from the Habitats Directive

The Convention’s objectives

Proportionality

The need to document reasoning and utility

Which public

Strict on goals, flexible on means