Correlation of environmental and human impact factors if significant (T = topographic variables, S = soil variables, H = human impact) with the NMDS axes. Length of the arrow indicates the strength of the correlation. Arrows in the same direction indicate a positive correlation of the variables with each other and a unidirectional response to NMDS axes. All variables that significantly correlated with the axes (p-value < 0.05) are shown. ISA = isolated area; LLA = lowland area; MSA = mid-slope area. The abbreviations for environmental and human disturbance factors are defined in Table 3.

 
 
  Part of: Pham VV, Ammer C, Annighöfer P, Heinrichs S (2022) Plant species diversity and composition in limestone forests of the Vietnamese Cat Ba National Park. Nature Conservation 50: 23-64. https://doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.50.86490